Kusukela ibhethri ye-lithium-ion ingena emakethe, isetshenziswe kabanzi ngenxa yezinzuzo zayo ezifana nokuphila isikhathi eside, umthamo othize omkhulu futhi awukho umphumela wenkumbulo.Ukusetshenziswa kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi lamabhethri e-lithium-ion kunezinkinga ezifana nomthamo ophansi, ukuncipha okukhulu, ukusebenza kahle kwezinga lomjikelezo, ukuziphendukela kwemvelo okusobala kwe-lithium, kanye ne-lithium deintercalation engalingani.Kodwa-ke, ngokunwetshwa okuqhubekayo kwezindawo zokufaka izicelo, imikhawulo elethwa ukusebenza okuphansi kwezinga lokushisa kwamabhethri e-lithium-ion iye yaba sobala kakhulu.
Ngokwemibiko, amandla okukhipha amabhethri e-lithium-ion ku--20°C angaba ngu-31.5% kuphela walokho ezingeni lokushisa elivamile.Izinga lokushisa elisebenzayo lamabhethri e-lithium-ion endabuko liphakathi kuka -20 kanye +60°C.Kodwa-ke, emkhakheni we-aerospace, imboni yezempi, nezimoto zikagesi, amabhethri adingeka ukuthi asebenze ngokujwayelekile ku--40°C.Ngakho-ke, ukuthuthukisa izinga lokushisa eliphansi lamabhethri e-lithium-ion kubaluleke kakhulu.
Izinto ezikhawulela ukusebenza kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi kwamabhethri e-lithium-ion:
1. Endaweni yokushisa ephansi, i-viscosity ye-electrolyte iyanda, noma iqina kancane, okuholela ekunciphiseni kokuhamba kwebhethri ye-lithium-ion.
2. Ukuhambisana phakathi kwe-electrolyte, i-electrode eyinegethivu kanye ne-diaphragm kuba mpofu endaweni yokushisa ephansi.
3. Ezindaweni ezinezinga lokushisa eliphansi, ama-electrode ebhethri e-lithium-ion negative ancipha kakhulu, futhi i-lithium yensimbi enciphile isabela ne-electrolyte, futhi ukubekwa komkhiqizo kubangela ukushuba kwesixhumi esibonakalayo se-electrolyte esiqinile (SEI) ukwanda.
4. Endaweni yokushisa ephansi, uhlelo lokusabalalisa lwebhethri ye-lithium ion ezintweni ezisebenzayo luyancipha, futhi ukumelana nokudlulisa ukushaja (Rct) kwanda kakhulu.
Ingxoxo ngezinto ezithinta izinga lokushisa eliphansi lamabhethri e-lithium-ion:
Umbono wochwepheshe 1: I-electrolyte inomthelela omkhulu ekusebenzeni okuphansi kwezinga lokushisa kwamabhethri e-lithium-ion, futhi ukwakheka kanye nezakhiwo zomzimba nezamakhemikhali ze-electrolyte kunomthelela obalulekile ekusebenzeni kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi kwebhethri.Izinkinga ezibhekene nomjikelezo webhethri emazingeni okushisa aphansi yilezi: i-viscosity ye-electrolyte izokhula, futhi ijubane le-ion conduction lizohamba kancane, okubangele ukungafani kwejubane lokufuduka kwe-electron yesifunda sangaphandle.Ngakho-ke, ibhethri izokwenziwa i-polarized kakhulu futhi umthamo wokushaja nokukhishwa kuzokwehla kakhulu.Ikakhulukazi uma ishaja ngezinga lokushisa eliphansi, i-lithium ion ingakha kalula i-lithium dendrites ebusweni be-electrode engalungile, okubangele ukuthi ibhethri lihluleke.
Ukusebenza kokushisa okuphansi kwe-electrolyte kuhlobene eduze nokuqhutshwa kwe-electrolyte ngokwayo.I-conductivity ephezulu ye-electrolyte ihambisa ama-ion ngokushesha, futhi ingasebenzisa umthamo owengeziwe emazingeni okushisa aphansi.Uma usawoti we-lithium ku-electrolyte uhlukaniswa, inani lokufuduka likhulu futhi likhuphuka izinga lokuhamba.Ukuphakama kwe-conductivity kagesi, i-ion conductivity iyashesha, i-polarization iba yincane, kanye nokusebenza okungcono kwebhethri emazingeni okushisa aphansi.Ngakho-ke, ukuhanjiswa kukagesi okuphezulu kuyisimo esidingekayo sokufeza ukusebenza okuhle kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi lamabhethri e-lithium-ion.
I-conductivity ye-electrolyte ihlobene nokubunjwa kwe-electrolyte, futhi ukunciphisa i-viscosity ye-solvent kungenye yezindlela zokuthuthukisa ukuqhutshwa kwe-electrolyte.I-fluidity enhle ye-solvent ekushiseni okuphansi yisiqinisekiso sokuthuthwa kwe-ion, futhi ulwelwesi oluqinile lwe-electrolyte olwakhiwe yi-electrolyte ku-electrode engalungile ekushiseni okuphansi futhi kuyisihluthulelo sokuthinta i-lithium ion conduction, futhi i-RSEI iyisivikelo esikhulu se-lithium. amabhethri e-ion ezindaweni zokushisa eziphansi.
Umbono 2 wochwepheshe: Isici esiyinhloko esikhawulela ukusebenza kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi lamabhethri e-lithium-ion ukukhuphuka ngokucijile kokumelana nokusabalalisa kwe-Li+ emazingeni okushisa aphansi, hhayi ifilimu ye-SEI.
Ngakho-ke, indlela yokuphatha kahle amabhethri e-lithium ebusika?
1. Ungasebenzisi amabhethri e-lithium ezindaweni zokushisa eziphansi
Izinga lokushisa linomthelela omkhulu kumabhethri e-lithium.Ukushisa okuphansi, ukwehla komsebenzi wamabhethri e-lithium, okuholela ngokuqondile ekwehleni okuphawulekayo kokushaja nokusebenza kahle kokukhishwa.Ngokuvamile, izinga lokushisa elisebenzayo lamabhethri e-lithium liphakathi kuka -20 degrees no -60 degrees.
Uma izinga lokushisa lingaphansi kuka-0℃, qaphela ukuthi ungashajeli ngaphandle, awukwazi ukukushaja ngisho noma uyishaja, singathatha ibhethri ukushaja ngaphakathi endlini (qaphela, qiniseka ukuthi uhlala kude nezinto ezivuthayo !!! ), lapho izinga lokushisa lingaphansi kuka -20 ℃, ibhethri izongena ngokuzenzakalelayo esimweni sokungalali futhi ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa ngokujwayelekile.Ngakho-ke, inyakatho ikakhulukazi umsebenzisi ezindaweni ezibandayo.
Uma singekho ngempela isimo sokushaja sasendlini, kufanele ukusebenzise ngokugcwele ukushisa okuyinsalela lapho ibhethri likhishwa, futhi uyishaje elangeni ngokushesha ngemva kokupaka ukuze ukhuphule umthamo wokushaja futhi ugweme ukuvela kwe-lithium.
2. Yakha umkhuba wokusebenzisa nokushaja
Ebusika, lapho amandla ebhethri ephansi kakhulu, kufanele siyishaje kusenesikhathi futhi sihlakulele umkhuba omuhle wokushaja ngokushesha nje lapho isisetshenziswa.Khumbula, ungalokothi ulinganise amandla ebhethri ebusika ngokusekelwe empilweni evamile yebhethri.
Umsebenzi webhethri ye-lithium uyancipha ebusika, okulula kakhulu ukubangela ukukhishwa ngokweqile nokukhokhiswa ngokweqile, okuzothinta impilo yesevisi yebhethri futhi kubangele ingozi evuthayo esimweni esibi kakhulu.Ngakho-ke, ebusika, kufanele sinake kakhulu ukushaja ngokukhipha okungajulile nokushaja okungajulile.Ikakhulukazi, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi ungapaki imoto isikhathi eside ngendlela yokushaja ngaso sonke isikhathi ukugwema ukushajwa ngokweqile.
3. Ungahlali lapho ushaja, khumbula ukuthi ungakhokhisi isikhathi eside
Ungayishiyi imoto isesimweni sokushaja isikhathi eside ukuze ukhululeke, vele uyikhiphe lapho isishajwe ngokugcwele.Ebusika, indawo yokushaja akufanele ibe ngaphansi kuka-0℃, futhi lapho ushaja, ungasuki kude kakhulu ukuze uvimbele izimo eziphuthumayo futhi ubhekane nazo ngesikhathi.
4. Sebenzisa ishaja ekhethekile yamabhethri e-lithium lapho ishaja
Imakethe igcwele inqwaba yamashaja aphansi.Ukusebenzisa amashaja aphansi kungalimaza ibhethri futhi kudale nomlilo.Ungabi ohahayo ukuthenga imikhiqizo eshibhile ngaphandle kweziqinisekiso, futhi ungawasebenzisi amashaja ebhethri aneasidi yomthofu;uma ishaja yakho ingasetshenziswa ngokujwayelekile, yeka ukuyisebenzisa ngokushesha, futhi ungakukhohlwa.
5. Naka impilo yebhethri bese uyishintsha ufake entsha ngesikhathi
Amabhethri e-lithium anesikhathi sokuphila.Ukucaciswa okuhlukile namamodeli anempilo yebhethri ehlukile.Ngokungeziwe ekusebenziseni okungalungile kwansuku zonke, ubude bempilo yebhethri buhluka kusukela ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ukuya eminyakeni emithathu.Uma imoto ivaliwe noma inempilo yebhethri emfishane ngokungavamile, sicela usithinte kusenesikhathi izisebenzi ezilungisa ibhethri le-Lithium ziyisingathe.
6. Shiya ugesi osele ukuze uphile ebusika
Ukuze usebenzise imoto evamile entwasahlobo ngonyaka ozayo, uma ibhethri ingasetshenziswa isikhathi eside, khumbula ukushaja ibhethri engu-50% -80%, futhi uyisuse emotweni ukuze uyigcine, futhi uyishaje njalo, cishe kanye ngenyanga.Qaphela: Ibhethri kufanele igcinwe endaweni eyomile.
7. Beka ibhethri ngendlela efanele
Ungacwilisi ibhethri emanzini noma wenze ibhethri libe manzi;ungapakishi ibhethri izendlalelo ezingaphezu kweziyisi-7, noma ulibhekise phansi ibhethri.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-24-2021