Ibhethri ye-lithium-ionukuqhuma kubangela:
1. I-polarization enkulu yangaphakathi;
2. Ucezu lwesigxobo lumunca amanzi futhi luhlangane nesigubhu segesi ye-electrolyte;
3. Ikhwalithi nokusebenza kwe-electrolyte ngokwayo;
4. Inani lomjovo owuketshezi alihlangabezani nezidingo zenqubo;
5. Ukusebenza kabi kokuvalwa kwe-laser welding ohlelweni lokuhlanganisa kanye nokuvuza komoya lapho kulinganiswa ukuvuza komoya;
6. Uthuli, uthuli lwe-pole piece kulula ukuholela kumjikelezo omfushane omncane kwasekuqaleni;
7. Izingcezu zezigxobo ezinhle nezimbi ziminyene kunobubanzi benqubo, futhi kunzima ukungena egobolondweni;
8. Inkinga yokuvala umjovo we-liquid, ukusebenza kokuvalwa kwebhola lensimbi akukuhle okuholela esigubhu segesi;
9. Ukujiya kodonga lwegobolondo olungenayo, ukuguqulwa kwegobolondo kuthinta ukushuba;
10. Ngaphandle izinga lokushisa eliphezulu le-ambient libuye libe yimbangela ebalulekile yokuqhuma.
Izinyathelo zokuzivikela ezithathwe ibhethri:
Ibhethri ye-lithium-ionamaseli ashajwe ngokweqile ku-voltage engaphezu kuka-4.2V futhi azoqala ukubonisa imiphumela engemihle. Uma iphezulu i-voltage yokushajwa ngokweqile, ingozi iyanda. Lapho i-voltage yeseli ye-lithium ingaphezu kuka-4.2V, ngaphansi kwengxenye yama-athomu e-lithium ahlala entweni ye-electrode eqondile, futhi indawo yokugcina imvamisa iwa, okubangela ukwehla unomphela komthamo webhethri. Uma ukushaja kuqhubeka, njengoba indawo yokugcina i-electrode engeyinhle isivele igcwele ama-athomu e-lithium, insimbi elandelayo ye-lithium izonqwabelana ebusweni bezinto ezingezinhle ze-electrode. Lawa ma-athomu e-lithium azokhula amakristalu e-dendritic asuka endaweni ye-anode abheke kuma-ion e-lithium. Lawa makristalu ensimbi e-lithium azodlula ephepheni le-diaphragm futhi afinyeze ama-electrode amahle nangalungile. Ngezinye izikhathi ibhethri liqhuma ngaphambi kokuba isifunda esifushane senzeke, lokhu kungenxa yokuthi inqubo yokushaja ngokweqile, i-electrolyte nezinye izinto zizoqhekeka ukuze kubonakale igesi, okwenza igobolondo lebhethri noma i-valve yokucindezela iqhume, ukuze umoya-mpilo ungene ekuphenduleni ngokuqoqwa. ama-athomu e-lithium ebusweni be-electrode engalungile, bese eqhuma.
Ngakho-ke, lapho ushajaamabhethri e-lithium-ion, umkhawulo ophezulu kagesi kufanele usethwe ukuze kucatshangelwe impilo, umthamo, nokuphepha kwebhethri ngesikhathi esisodwa. Umkhawulo ophezulu olungile we-voltage yokushaja ngu-4.2 V. Kufanele futhi kube nomkhawulo ophansi we-voltage lapho ukhipha amaseli e-lithium. Lapho i-voltage yeseli iwela ngaphansi kuka-2.4V, ezinye zezinto zizoqala ukucekelwa phansi. Futhi ngenxa yokuthi ibhethri lizozikhipha ngokwalo, uma ubeka isikhathi eside i-voltage izoba, ngakho-ke, kungcono ukuthi ungachithi ku-2.4V ngaphambi kokumisa. Amandla akhishwe phakathi nenkathi esuka ku-3.0V kuya ku-2.4V enza kuphela cishe u-3% womthamo webhethri le-lithium-ion. Ngakho-ke, i-3.0V iyi-voltage efanelekile yokusika ukuze ikhishwe. Lapho ushaja futhi ukhipha, ngaphezu komkhawulo we-voltage, umkhawulo wamanje uyadingeka. Lapho i-current iphezulu kakhulu, i-lithium ion ayinaso isikhathi sokungena endaweni yokugcina futhi izoqoqa ebusweni bezinto ezibonakalayo.
Lezii-lithium ionszuza ama-electron futhi ucwebeze ama-athomu e-lithium ebusweni bento, okufana nokushajwa ngokweqile futhi kungaba yingozi. Uma kwenzeka ukuphuka kwekesi lebhethri, lizoqhuma. Ngakho-ke, ukuvikelwa kwamabhethri e-lithium-ion kufanele kufake okungenani izinto ezintathu: umkhawulo ophezulu we-voltage yokushaja, umkhawulo ophansi we-voltage yokukhipha, kanye nomkhawulo ophezulu wamanje. Amaphakethe ebhethri e-lithium-ion jikelele, ngaphezu kwamaseli ebhethri e-lithium-ion, kuzoba nepuleti yokuzivikela, leli cwecwe elivikelayo libalulekile ukunikeza lezi zivikelo ezintathu.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-07-2023