I-short circuit yebhethri iyiphutha elibi kakhulu: amandla amakhemikhali agcinwe ebhethri azolahleka ngendlela yamandla ashisayo, idivayisi ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isifunda esifushane futhi sakha ukukhiqizwa kokushisa okukhulu, okungagcini nje ukunciphisa ukusebenza kwezinto zebhethri, kodwa kungase kuholele ngisho nomlilo noma ukuqhuma ngenxa yokushisa okushisayo. Ukuze kuqedwe izimo ezingaba khona kudivayisi engase ihlanganise isifunda esifushane futhi siqinisekise ukuthi isifunda esifushane asifaki isimo sokusebenza esiyingozi, singasebenzisa i-COMSOL Multiphysics ukutadisha ukuhlelwa kwamabhethri e-lithium-ion.
Kwenzeka kanjani ukujikeleza okufushane kwebhethri?
Ibhethri iyakwazi ukuguqula amandla amakhemikhali agciniwe abe amandla kagesi. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza okuvamile, ama-electrode amabili ebhethri azokhiqiza ukusabela kokunciphisa ukusabela kwe-electrochemical kwe-electrode engalungile kanye nokusabela kwe-oxidation ye-anode. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhipha, i-electrode enhle i-0.10-600 futhi i-electrode engalungile ilungile; phakathi nenqubo yokushaja, izinhlamvu ezimbili ze-electrode ziyashintshwa, okungukuthi, i-electrode enhle ilungile futhi i-electrode engeyinhle inegethivu.
I-electrode eyodwa ikhipha ama-electron kusekethe, kanti enye i-electrode ithatha ama-electron kusekethe. Yilokhu kusabela kwamakhemikhali okuvumayo okushayela amandla amanje kusekethe futhi ngaleyo ndlela noma iyiphi idivayisi, njengenjini noma isibani, iyakwazi ukuthola amandla ebhethri uma ixhunywe kuyo.
Okubizwa ngokuthi i-short circuit yilapho ama-electron engagelezi kumjikelezo oxhunywe kudivayisi kagesi, kodwa anyakaze ngqo phakathi kwama-electrode amabili. Njengoba la ma-electron engadingi ukwenza noma yimuphi umsebenzi wemishini, ukumelana kuncane kakhulu. Ngenxa yalokho, ukusabela kwamakhemikhali kuyashesha futhi ibhethri iqala ukuzikhipha, ilahlekelwa amandla ayo amakhemikhali ngaphandle kokwenza noma yimuphi umsebenzi owusizo. Uma i-short-circuit, i-current eyeqisayo ibangela ukumelana nebhethri ukuthi kushise (ukushisa kwe-Joule), okungalimaza idivayisi.
Ukulimala kwemishini ebhethrini kungenye yezimbangela ze-short circuit. Uma into eyinsimbi yangaphandle ibhoboza iphekhi yebhethri noma uma iphakethe lebhethri lilinyazwa ukuxova, lizokwakha indlela yangaphakathi yokuqhuba futhi yakhe isekethe emfishane. I-"pinprick test" ukuhlolwa kokuphepha okujwayelekile kwamabhethri e-lithium-ion. Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, inaliti yensimbi izobhoboza ibhethri futhi ifinyeze.
Vimbela ukushesha kwebhethri
Ibhethri noma iphakethe lebhethri kufanele livikelwe kuma-short circuit, okuhlanganisa nezinyathelo zokuvimbela ibhethri kanye nephakheji efanayo yezinto eziphathwayo ukuthintana. Amabhethri apakishwa emabhokisini okuthutha futhi kufanele ahlukaniswe phakathi kwebhokisi, izigxobo eziphozithivu nezinegethivu ziqondiswe ohlangothini olufanayo lapho amabhethri ebekwe eceleni.
Ukuvimbela i-short-circuiting yamabhethri kuhlanganisa, kodwa akugcini nje, izindlela ezilandelayo.
a. Lapho kungenzeka khona, sebenzisa iphakethe elingaphakathi elivalekile ngokuphelele elenziwe ngezinto ezingezona e-conductive (isb, izikhwama zepulasitiki) ngeseli ngayinye noma idivayisi ngayinye esebenza ngebhethri.
b. Sebenzisa indlela efanele yokuhlukanisa noma yokupakisha ibhethri ukuze lingakwazi ukuthintana namanye amabhethri, okokusebenza, noma izinto eziphathwayo (isb., izinsimbi) ngaphakathi kwephakheji.
c. Sebenzisa amakepisi okuvikela angasebenzisi, itheyiphu yokuvikela, noma ezinye izindlela ezifanele zokuvikela ama-electrode noma amapulaki asobala.
Uma iphakheji yangaphandle ingakwazi ukumelana nokungqubuzana, iphakheji yangaphandle iyodwa akufanele isetshenziswe njengesilinganiso sokuvimbela ama-electrode ebhethri ukuthi angaphuki noma afinyezeke. Ibhethri kufanele futhi isebenzise i-padding ukuvimbela ukunyakaza, ngaphandle kwalokho isivalo se-electrode siyaxega ngenxa yokunyakaza, noma i-electrode ishintsha isiqondiso ukuze ibangele ukujikeleza okufushane.
Izindlela zokuvikela i-Electrode zifaka, kepha azikhawulelwe, lezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo:
a. Ukunamathisela ama-electrode ngokuphephile kukhava yamandla anele.
b. Ibhethri lipakishwe ephaketheni lepulasitiki eliqinile.
c. Sebenzisa idizayini ehlehlisiwe noma ube nokunye ukuvikeleka kwama-electrode ebhethri ukuze ama-electrode angaphuki ngisho noma iphasela lilahliwe.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-07-2023