Ngokuqhutshwa yinqubomgomo "yekhabhoni ephindwe kabili" yokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni, uhlaka lukazwelonke lokuphehla ugesi luzobona izinguquko ezinkulu. Ngemuva kuka-2030, ngokuthuthukiswa kwengqalasizinda yokugcina amandla nezinye izinto zokusebenza ezisekelayo, i-China kulindeleke ukuthi iqedele ukuguquka ukusuka ekuphehleni ugesi osuselwa ezinsalela kudala ukuya ekuphehleni ugesi osuselwa kumandla amasha ngonyaka wezi-2060, nengxenye yokuphehlwa kwamandla amasha ifinyelele ngaphezu kwama-80%.
Inqubomgomo "yekhabhoni ephindwe kabili" izoqhuba iphethini yezinto eziphehla ugesi waseShayina zisuka kumandla ezinsalela ezimbiwa phansi ziye emandleni amasha kancane kancane, futhi kulindeleke ukuthi ngo-2060, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla okusha kweShayina kube ngaphezu kwama-80%.
Ngasikhathi sinye, ukuxazulula inkinga yokucindezela "okungazinzile" okulethwa ukuxhumeka kwegridi enkulu ngasohlangothini lwesizukulwane esisha samandla, "inqubomgomo yokusabalalisa nokugcinwa" ngasohlangothini lokuphehlwa kwamandla izoletha impumelelo entsha yamandla. isitoreji side.
NgoSepthemba 2020, engqungqutheleni yama-57 yeNhlangano Yezizwe Ezihlangene, i-China yaphakamisa ngokusemthethweni umgomo "wekhabhoni ephindwe kabili" wokufinyelela "ikhabhoni ephezulu" ngo-2030 kanye "nokungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni" ngo-2060. I-China ihlose ukuzuza "ikhabhoni ephezulu" 2030 kanye "ne-carbon neutral" ngo-2060.
Ngo-2060, iChina izongena esigabeni "sokungathathi hlangothi", kanti ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni kulindeleke ukuthi kufinyelele kumathani ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-2.6, ukwehla ngo-74.8% uma kuqhathaniswa no-2020.
Kuyaphawuleka lapha ukuthi "carbon neutral" akusho zero carbon dioxide emissions, kodwa kunalokho inani isamba carbon dioxide noma greenhouse gas ukukhishwa ezikhiqizwa ngokuqondile noma ngokungaqondile ukukhiqizwa kwenkampani, imisebenzi yomuntu siqu kanye nezinye izenzo zizoxazululwa ngokutshala izihlahla. , ukongiwa kwamandla kanye nokunciphisa ukungcola ukuze kuzuzwe i-carbon dioxide enhle nebi noma i-greenhouse gas ekhishwa ngokwabo. Umgomo uwukuzuzisa ukukhishwa kwe-zero ngokuqeda isikhutha noma igesi ebamba ukushisa ekhiqizwa ngokuqondile noma ngokungaqondile imisebenzi yamabhizinisi, njengokutshala izihlahla nokonga amandla.
Izimboni zethu ezintathu eziphambili ezinokukhishwa kwekhabhoni ephezulu namuhla yilezi:
Emkhakheni wokuphakelwa kukagesi, okuyiwona onesabelo esikhulu kunazo zonke, izwe lizokhiqiza ugesi oyizigidi ezingama-800 kWh ngo-2020.
Ngokuqhutshwa yinqubomgomo "yekhabhoni ephindwe kabili" yokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni, uhlaka lukazwelonke lokuphehla ugesi luzobona izinguquko ezinkulu.
Ngemuva kuka-2030, ngokuthuthukiswa kwengqalasizinda yokugcina amandla nezinye izinto zokusebenza ezisekelayo, i-China kulindeleke ukuthi iqedele ukuguquka ukusuka ekuphehleni ugesi osuselwa ezinsalela kudala ukuya ekuphehleni ugesi osuselwa kumandla amasha ngonyaka wezi-2060, nengxenye yokuphehlwa kwamandla amasha ifinyelele ngaphezu kwama-80%.
Ngokukhula kohlangothi olusha lokukhiqiza amandla emakethe, imboni yokugcina amandla nayo isingenise impumelelo entsha.
Isitoreji samandla asihlukaniseki esizukulwaneni esisha samandla (i-photovoltaic namandla omoya).
Kokubili amandla e-PV namandla omoya anokungahleliwe okuqinile kanye nemikhawulo yendawo, okuholela ekungaqinisekini okuqinile ekuphehlisweni kwamandla kanye nemvamisa yohlangothi lokuphehlwa kwamandla, okungaletha ukucindezela okukhulu komthelela ohlangothini lwegridi ngesikhathi soxhumano lwegridi.
Iziteshi zokugcina amandla azikwazi nje ukuxazulula ngokuphumelelayo inkinga "yokukhanya nomoya okulahliwe", kodwa futhi "ukulawulwa kwenani eliphakeme kanye nemvamisa", ukuze ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kanye nemvamisa yohlangothi lokukhiqiza amandla kuhambisane nejika elihleliwe legridi, ngaleyo ndlela. ukuqaphela ukuxhumana kwegridi okushelelayo kokukhiqiza amandla amasha.
Njengamanje, imakethe yaseShayina yokugcina ugesi isakhula uma iqhathaniswa nezimakethe zangaphandle, ngokuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kwamanzi aseShayina kanye nezinye izingqalasizinda.
Isitoreji esipompayo sisahamba phambili emakethe, ne-36GW yesitoreji esimponsiwe efakwe emakethe yaseShayina ngo-2020, ephakeme kakhulu kune-5GW yokugcina i-electrochemical; Nokho, ukugcinwa kwamakhemikhali kunezinzuzo zokungabi ngaphansi kwemikhawulo yendawo kanye nokucushwa okuvumelana nezimo, futhi kuzokhula ngokushesha esikhathini esizayo; kulindeleke ukuthi ukugcinwa kwe-electrochemical e-China kancane kancane kudlule isitoreji esipompe ngo-2060, sifinyelele ku-160GW.
Kulesi sigaba ohlangothini olusha lokukhiqiza amandla ebhidi yephrojekthi, ohulumeni abaningi basekhaya bazocacisa ukuthi isiteshi esisha sokuphehla ugesi esinesitoreji esingekho ngaphansi kuka-10% -20%, futhi isikhathi sokushaja asikho ngaphansi kwamahora angu-1-2, kungabonakala ukuthi "inqubomgomo yokugcina" izoletha ukukhula okukhulu ohlangothini lokukhiqiza amandla emakethe yokugcina amandla kagesi kagesi.
Kodwa-ke, kulesi sigaba, ngenxa yokuthi imodeli yenzuzo kanye nokuphathwa kwezindleko zokugcinwa kwamandla e-electrochemical ohlangothini lokuphehla amandla akukacaci kahle, okuholela esilinganisweni esiphansi sembuyiselo yangaphakathi, iningi leziteshi zokugcina amandla ukwakhiwa okuholwa yinqubomgomo, futhi imodeli yebhizinisi isazoxazululwa.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-21-2022